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01 01A kealogicblog
01 01A kealogicblog

Engineering support of transport logistics

Currently, the global economic situation requires logistics companies to make serious changes in pricing policy and a systematic approach to solving transport problems.

After all, today, the question of quality, speed and cost of cargo delivery, as the most important competitive advantages, is as acute as possible. The decline in cargo turnover during the crisis of 2008 – 2009 showed that only companies with a flexible policy in meeting customer needs are able to survive in the logistics services market.

If we consider the pre-crisis situation in the transportation market, the following picture was observed. The Western economy, growing at low credit interest rates, produced and, as a result, transported a huge amount of goods, while the development of the transport structure lagged behind the growth of cargo traffic. This created a shortage of transport services, which led to a steady increase in tariffs and increased the attractiveness of the transport industry for investment. The result was the emergence of a huge number of transport and logistics companies that, due to the need for early payback, were not ready to reduce the cost of their services. This situation could have developed further, but due to the financial crisis, production volumes and cargo turnover fell, this put a fat end to the thoughtless development of the transport market, and forced many companies to leave the arena.

As a result, the entire transport services market is facing a very important task, the solution of which has been postponed for a long time. How to reduce the transport component so that it gives a new impetus to the development of production and returns to the transport sector by increasing cargo turnover.
Now the principle of building a transport system is often based on attracting cargo flows by transport enterprises. This leads logistics companies to the need to use multifunctional lines and terminals when building cargo delivery schemes, and does not allow any of the parties involved in this process to plan budgets.

At the same time, the terminal is an organization 100% dependent on the requirements of the line. This may lead to a situation where the line may dictate the conditions for the availability of special equipment at the terminal, which will have to purchase it in order to keep the line and its cargo flow. This puts the terminal at a disadvantage and requires significant budgetary funds for the unplanned purchase of non-core equipment, as well as recruitment and training of personnel. In the worst case, modernization of the warehouse and berth may be required.
This case is not a problem when the terminal is operating with one line, but as practice shows, for maximum capacity utilization, contracts are concluded with several lines at once. In such a situation, each line, having its own scheme for optimizing transportation costs, may require too many different equipment.

Analyzing the potential opportunities for reducing the cost of delivery, it can be seen that planning investments in the development of terminals, lines, etc. is possible only if the transport and logistics company itself creates conditions for the development of cargo traffic and manages it, and does not attract it. As practice shows, this option allows the carrier to develop an effective transport and technological delivery scheme aimed directly at any one type of cargo. Such an approach seems to limit the freedom of a transport company when choosing cargo and its rapid change, in case of a decrease in cargo traffic, but in fact, when creating a cargo flow, such a company gets the opportunity to predict cargo traffic with greater accuracy, and, accordingly, plan its investments in transport equipment more safely. This will allow us to assess the need and volume of investments in the transport component and organize the most optimal option for cargo delivery from the manufacturer to the consumer.
If we take the European experience of transportation as an example, it is clear that all market participants are trying to reduce their costs as much as possible and thereby reduce the cost of transport services. The main ways in this direction they have chosen are:

Optimization of transportation processes;
The use of more efficient equipment of the transport and transshipment complex;
Reducing the number of personnel involved in the transport process.

It is for this reason that in the last 20 years, multimodal RoRo and StoRo methods of transportation have been actively developing, as the most cost-effective over short transport distances. At the same time, there is a significant increase in the efficiency of such transportation, and also leads to a decrease in the construction cost of the berth, due to the use of modern transport systems and modernization of ship equipment.
The development of rolling technologies is closely related to the introduction into the transport process:

/ cassette systems;

/ the use of transport supports for semi-trailers;

/ automated mooring systems;

/ new or upgraded roller skaters;

/ warehouse automation and control systems;

/ containerization systems.

Cassette systems.
They are the very detonator that allowed the development and improvement of rolling technologies. With the advent of cassette technology, the productivity of cargo operations in ports has doubled compared to the roll-trailer scheme, while the loading capacity of the vessel has increased by 20%, fuel costs have decreased by 30%. The basis of the cassette system is a transport and storage pallet - cassette, as well as a special semitrailer equipped with a lifting mechanism for cassettes and rotary rear axles. The most important advantage of this system is the lack of time and human resources spent on freeing cargo to the deck of the vessel, due to the installation of cassettes close to each other, additional advantages include high load capacity from 40 to 360t, maneuverability and safety of cargo operations.
Transport supports for semi-trailers.
Designed to automate the processes of cargo handling of a semi-trailer and its installation in the hold of a vessel. At the same time, the main distinguishing feature of such supports is:

/ a significant reduction in the time spent on grabbing/lowering the semi-trailer;

/ reducing the amount of manual labor;

/ there is no need to release the semi-trailer to the deck of the vessel.

When installing a semi-trailer on a ship, such a support is fixed in special guides fixed to the deck. This makes it possible to significantly reduce the time spent by the vessel under cargo handling, simplify the installation of semi-trailers on the inclined ramps of the roller. And reduce the labor costs of fixing semi-trailers.

Automated mooring systems
They allow mooring in automatic mode.
The increase in international trade has led the European Union (EU) to realize the need for active use of water transport in order to reduce congestion. Reducing the turnaround time of ships is one of the key elements of the EU strategy. The time, cost, labor costs and risks associated with traditional mooring methods, which have remained unchanged for thousands of years, can be significantly reduced by using an automatic mooring system.

Robotic automatic mooring systems are designed to replace traditional methods using mooring ropes. At the same time, the automatic device ensures reliable fastening of the vessel, without the need for personnel at the berth, and provides significant advantages in terms of safety, economy and reducing environmental impact.
Due to the absence of mooring lines in the automated mooring process, the risk of injury to personnel is excluded. The system is controlled remotely by operational personnel and its monitoring, as well as alarm functions work in real time. A feature of these systems is the safe provision of reliable mooring of the vessel even during a power outage or loss of control signals.

Automated mooring systems require only one operator. The amount of electricity consumed is minimal, and after mooring the vessel is practically reduced to zero. The system ensures fast mooring of the vessel, minimizing delays caused by waiting for available mooring commands. Thus, the downtime of the vessel in the port is reduced to the possible minimum, this is clearly confirmed by the results of the FastShip project, and allows for more efficient use of the vessel, as well as the berth and allows the vessel to reduce speed at sea and, accordingly, fuel consumption.
Thanks to automated mooring systems, harmful emissions into the environment of the port water area are reduced.
The modern line of mooring systems includes automatic vacuum and rigid beam systems, as well as semi-automatic systems, remotely controlled devices that use ropes tightened to the deck of the ship's winch and designed specifically for short-term berthing.

Connecting bridges
Connecting bridges are used as an auxiliary support designed to connect the ship's Ro-Ro ramp and the shore, for the transfer of cargo and passengers in the port. The model range of connecting bridges includes:

/ fully mobile;

/ with integrated tanks;

/ with submersible tanks;

/ pontoon;

/ mechanically supported.

All offered options are distinguished by high flexibility, reliability, safety and economic efficiency of cargo handling of the vessel. The design of the ballast system is unique, it eliminates the problems that arise when the movable structure of the ramp interacts with the stationary embankment. This ensures smooth handling of the vessel in all weather conditions.
The connecting bridge can be installed in sea and river ports, as well as outside the port or on unprotected berths, with various options for mooring ships.

07/09/2022

01 01A kealogicblog

Technological description of the system based on RFID technology

Any RFID system consists of a reader (reader, reader) and a transponder (also known as an RFID tag, sometimes the term RFID tag is also used).

According to the reading range, RFID systems can be divided into systems:

/ near identification (reading is performed at a distance of up to 20 cm);
/ medium-range identification (from 20 cm to 5 m);
/ long-range identification (from 5 m to 300 m).

Most RFID tags consist of two parts. The first is an integrated circuit (IC) for storing and processing information, modulating and demodulating a radio frequency (RF) signal and some other functions. The second is an antenna for receiving and transmitting a signal.

Already well-known RFID applications (contactless cards in access control and management systems, long-distance identification systems and payment systems) are gaining additional popularity with the development of Internet services.

In terms of functionality, RFID tags, as a method of collecting information, are very close to barcodes, the most widely used today for labeling goods. Despite the cheaper cost of RFID tags, in the foreseeable future, the complete displacement of barcodes by radio frequency identification is unlikely to take place for economic reasons (the system will not pay off).

At the same time, the barcode technology itself continues to evolve. New developments (for example, a two-dimensional barcode) solve a number of problems previously solved only by the use of RFID. Technologies can complement each other. Components with unchanged consumer properties can be marked with a permanent marking based on optical recognition technologies that carries information about their release date and consumer properties, and information subject to change, such as data about a specific recipient of an order on a reusable package returned, can be recorded on an RFID tag.

Advantages of radio frequency identification

Possibility of overwriting. The RFID tag data can be overwritten and supplemented many times, whereas the data on the barcode cannot be changed - they are recorded immediately when printing.

/ No need for line of sight. The RFID reader does not need direct visibility of the tag to read its data. The mutual orientation of the label and the reader often does not play a role. Labels can be read through the packaging, which makes their hidden placement possible. To read the data, it is enough for the label to get into the registration area at least for a short time, moving, including at a fairly high speed. On the contrary, a barcode reader always needs direct visibility of the barcode to read it.

/ Greater reading distance. An RFID tag can be read at a much greater distance than a barcode. Depending on the model of the tag and the reader, the reading radius can be up to several hundred meters. At the same time, such distances are not always required.

/ A larger amount of data storage. An RFID tag can store significantly more information than a barcode.

/ Support for reading multiple labels. Industrial readers can simultaneously read many (more than a thousand) RFID tags per second using the so-called anti-collision function. The barcode reader can scan only one barcode at a time.

/ Reading the label data at any location. In order to ensure the automatic reading of the barcode, the standards committees have developed rules for the placement of barcodes on commodity and transport packaging. These requirements do not apply to radio frequency tags. The only condition is that the label is located in the reader's area of operation.

/ Environmental resistance. There are RFID tags that have increased strength and resistance to harsh working conditions, and the barcode is easily damaged (for example, by moisture or contamination). In those applications where the same object can be used an unlimited number of times (for example, when identifying containers or returnable containers), a radio frequency tag turns out to be a more acceptable means of identification, since it does not need to be placed on the outside of the package. Passive RFID tags have an almost unlimited service life.

/ Multi-purpose use. The RFID tag can be used to perform other tasks besides the data carrier function. The barcode is not programmable and is only a means of storing data.

/ High degree of security. A unique immutable identifier number assigned to a label during production guarantees a high degree of protection of labels from forgery. Also, the data on the label can be encrypted. The radio frequency tag has the ability to close data recording and reading operations with a password, as well as encrypt their transmission. Open and closed data can be stored in the same label at the same time.

Disadvantages of radio frequency identification

/ The working capacity of the label is lost in case of partial mechanical damage;

/ The cost of the system is higher than the cost of the accounting system based on barcodes;

/ The complexity of self-manufacturing. The barcode can be printed on any printer;

/ Susceptibility to interference in the form of electromagnetic fields;

/ Distrust of users, the possibility of using it to collect information about people;

/ The installed technical base for barcode reading significantly exceeds the volume of RFID-based solutions;

/ Insufficient openness of the developed standards.

Technology Characteristics

Characteristics of RFID Technology Barcode QR Code
The need for direct visibility of the label Reading even hidden labels Reading without line of sight is impossible Reading without line of sight is impossible
Memory capacity From 10 to 512,000 bytes Up to 100 bytes Up to 3,072 bytes
The ability to overwrite data and reuse the label is No No
Registration range Up to 100 m Up to 4 m Up to 1 m
Simultaneous identification of several objects Up to 200 tags per second is not possible Depends on the reader
Resistance to environmental influences: mechanical, temperature, chemical, moisture Increased strength and resistance Depends on the material to which it is applied Depends on the material to which it is applied
The lifetime of the label For more than 10 years Depends on the printing method and the material of which the marked object consists Depends on the printing method and the material of which the marked object consists
Security and protection against counterfeiting It is possible to fake it is easy to fake it is possible
Work in case of damage to the label is impossible Difficult Difficult
Identification of moving objects Yes Difficult Difficult
Susceptibility to interference in the form of electromagnetic fields Is No No
Identification of metal objects is possible Possible Possible
Using both stationary and manual terminals for identification Yes Yes Yes
The possibility of introduction into the human or animal body is possible Difficult Difficult
Overall characteristics Medium and small Small Small
The cost is medium and high Low Low

Classification of RFID tags and systems

There are several ways to systematize RFID tags and systems:

/ By operating frequency;

/ By power source;

/ By memory type;

/ By execution.

According to the type of power source, RFID tags are divided into:

/ Passive;

/ Active;

/ Semi-passive;

/ Passive.

Rfid antenna

Passive RFID tags do not have a built-in power source. The electric current induced in the antenna by the electromagnetic signal from the reader provides sufficient power for the operation of the silicon CMOS chip placed in the tag and the transmission of the response signal. Commercial implementations of low-frequency RFID tags can be embedded in a sticker (sticker) or implanted under the skin.

Active RFID tags have their own power source and do not depend on the reader's energy, as a result of which they are read at a long distance, have large dimensions and can be equipped with additional electronics. However, such labels are the most expensive, and batteries have limited operating time.

Active tags are in most cases more reliable and provide the highest accuracy of reading at the maximum distance. Active tags, having their own power source, can also generate an output signal of a higher level than passive ones, allowing them to be used in more aggressive environments for the radio frequency signal: water (including people and animals, which mainly consist of water), metals (ship containers, cars), for long distances in the air. Most active tags allow you to transmit a signal over distances of hundreds of meters with a battery life of up to 10 years. Some RFID tags have built-in sensors, for example, to monitor the temperature of perishable goods. Other types of sensors in combination with active tags can be used to measure humidity, register shocks/vibrations, light, radiation, temperature and gases in the atmosphere.

Active tags usually have a much larger reading radius (up to 300 m) and memory capacity than passive tags, and are able to store a larger amount of information for sending by the transceiver.

Semi - passive

Semi-passive RFID tags, also called semi-active, are very similar to passive tags, but are equipped with a battery that provides the chip with power supply. At the same time, the range of these tags depends only on the sensitivity of the reader receiver and they can function at a greater distance and with better characteristics.

Readers (Readers) are devices that read information from labels and write data to them. These devices can be permanently connected to the accounting system or work offline.

Stationary readers

Stationary readers are fixed to walls, doors, moving storage devices (stackers, loaders, etc.). They can be made in the form of a lock, mounted in a table or fixed next to the conveyor on the way of the products.

07/09/2022

01 01A kealogicblog

LLC «Semargl» — in the list of system-forming enterprises

In April 2022, the Ministry of Industry and Trade included Semargl LLC in the federal list of backbone enterprises in the field of Heavy engineering. This list includes those organizations whose products and services are important for ensuring the life of the territory or the functioning of a certain industry.

The program of targeted support measures for system-forming organizations resumed its operation in March 2022, as one of the forms of comprehensive support for the economy and business in the conditions of sanitary pressure. At the moment, the list includes about 1100 industrial enterprises.

According to the approved rules, systemically important companies, if necessary, are entitled to receive state support for restructuring and obtaining loans, as well as subsidies for reimbursement of part of the costs.

For the customers of Semargl LLC, obtaining the status of a backbone enterprise is an additional confirmation of the reliability of the manufacturer, as well as guarantees the high-quality implementation of all ongoing projects.

15/04/2022

01 01A kealogicblog

The MEDVED company entered the TOP 1000 successful suppliers in 2022

According to the largest electronic trading platform, for purchases and sales in the business-to-business (b2b) segment.

The production company "Medved" entered the rating of the TOP 1000 successful suppliers, which is compiled every year by the largest electronic trading platform B2B-Center. The participants of the list were selected by a special algorithm that automatically evaluated the effectiveness of their work according to several criteria.

More than 569 thousand companies registered on the electronic platform participated in the competition. The final list includes suppliers with a high coefficient of wins in purchases. At the same time, they participated in at least 10 trading procedures of three different customers.

"In the current economic conditions, we pay special attention to supporting suppliers, helping them develop professional competencies and work more efficiently. Our annual research allows us to identify companies with advanced experience in participating in electronic trading and broadcast their successful example to the entire market. Small enterprises are included in the TOP 1000 along with industry leaders, since the selection is carried out automatically on the basis of objective data and criteria," said Andrey Boyko, Commercial director of B2B-Center.

The production Company "Medved" received the "Successful Supplier" badge and a special mark on the B2B-Center site. The status confirms the contribution of suppliers to the development of competition in the market, the effectiveness of participation in procurement and the trust of customers.

The "Successful Supplier" sign comprehensively indicates both the trust in the company's products, the trust in the "Medved Racks" brand, and the competitive advantages that the company improves every year by applying modern technologies and equipment, as well as strengthening corporate culture and organizational structures.

Among the successful suppliers were representatives of all sectors of the economy: equipment manufacturers, suppliers of metallurgical, agricultural and chemical products, logistics companies, builders, banks, etc.

 
 

13/04/2022